Japanese Macaque

Japanese macaques are commonly known as "snow monkeys" due to their ability to survive in snowy areas, where no other non-human primate can live. These primates have brownish grey fur, pinkish-red faces, and short tails. They exhibit sexual dimorphism with males weighing around 11.3 kg on average and females around 8.4 kg. They have short tail stumps that measure about 92.5 mm in males and 79.1 mm in females. Japanese macaques are semiterrestrial, with females being more arboreal and males more ground-dwelling. They have exceptional swimming abilities, capable of covering distances of over half a kilometer. The lifespan of Japanese macaques is relatively long, with females living up to 32 years and males up to 28 years, surpassing the longevity of other macaque species.

Moreover, a Japanese macaque group is comprised of multiple family lines. Many male macaques regularly spend time away from groups and can move between different groups. Matrilines with higher ranks demonstrate stronger social bonds. Dominant male macaques can maintain their status through close ties with dominant females. Typically, there is a hierarchy among males in a group, with one male holding alpha status. When an alpha male departs or passes away, the male hierarchy often shifts. Grooming behaviors persist throughout various conditions and seasons, with females from the same lineage grooming each other more frequently. At nine years old, one female macaque ascended to dominance within her troop, surpassing both the dominant males and her high-ranking mother.